Marine Biome Unit Test Review

Test Date:  __________________________

Name: ______________________________________________                Date Given: ______________

For this test you should know the following:

Marine Zones

·         Know the difference between photic zones and aphotic zones

·         Know the names, locations, and conditions of the zones of the ocean (e.g. intertidal zone, epipelagic zone, mesopelagic zone, abyssalpelagic zone, hadal zone, etc.)

Categories of Marine Creatures

·         Be able to define the terms nekton, benthos, plankton.

·         Be able to identify to which category different marine creatures belong.

Food Webs

·         Be able to draw a basic marine food chain (phytoplankton – zooplankton – small fish – larger fish – apex predator).

·         Be able to explain what might happen if one creature is removed from a food web or if a poison is added to a food web.

·         Be able to describe the base of MOST of the ocean food webs (and be able to compare the base of the food webs in the deep ocean with other ecosystems)

·         Be able to explain why the biomass pyramid looks that way it does and label a diagram that shows what happens to the amount of available energy at each trophic level as you move up the food chain.

·         Explain and describe the importance of Biodiversity

Ocean Productivity

·        Know what is meant by ocean productivity (e.g. how its measured).

·        Know what conditions are required for growth of phytoplankton.

·        Know what phytoplankton blooms are and what causes them.

·        Be able to compare the open ocean and coastal waters (see the handout).

·        Be able to explain what is meant by upwelling and identify regions of the oceans where upwelling occurs.

Marine Ecosystems

·         For each of the marine ecosystems we studied (Estuary, Intertidal, Mangrove Forest, Kelp Forest, Coral Reef and Deep Ocean, know:

o        The location of each ecosystem, conditions that dominate each, typical plants and animals, food chains, and any unique or interesting facts that we discussed. etc.

·         Be able to talk about adaptations of plants and animals in each ecosystem

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·         Be able to explain the conditions that creatures from the intertidal zone must cope with to thrive in that zone (e.g. ½ day under water, ½ day above waterline, waves breaking, etc.) and be able to explain some adaptations that plants and animals there have to survive.

·         Explain how the sea otters are keystone species in the kelp forest and what happens if these creatures are removed (e.g. urchins eat the holdfasts destroying the forest)

·         Know the 3 types of coral reefs and be able to explain what corals are and how they are helped by zooxanthellae

·         Be able to explain how deep sea ecosystems obtain their energy in the absence of plants (e.g. hydrothermal vents, whale fall and marine snow).

·         Explain the uses of bioluminescence in deep sea organisms (be able to give good examples for each major purpose).