GRADE 8 MATH Curriculum


GCO A: Students will demonstrate number sense and apply number-theory concepts.
 
A1 model and link various representations of square root of a number
A2 recognize perfect squares between 1 and 144 and apply patterns related to them
A3 distinguish between an exact square root of a number and its decimal approximation
A4 find the square root of any number, using an appropriate method
A5 demonstrate and explain the meaning of negative exponents for base ten
A6 represent any number written in scientific notation in standard form, and vice versa
A7 compare and order integers and positive and negative rational numbers (in decimal and fractional forms)
A8 represent and apply fractional percents, and percents greater than 100, in fraction or decimal form, and vice versa
A9 solve proportion problems that involve equivalent ratios and rates

GCO B: Students will demonstrate operation sense and apply operation principles    and procedures in both numeric and algebraic situations.
B1 demonstrate an understanding of the properties of operations with integers and positive and negative rational numbers (in decimal and fractional forms)
B2 solve problems involving proportions, using a variety of methods
B3 create and solve problems which involve finding a, b, or c in the relationship a% of b = c, using estimation and calculation
B4 apply percentage increase and decrease in problem situations
B5 add and subtract fractions concretely, pictorially, and symbolically
B6 add and subtract fractions mentally, when appropriate
B7 multiply fractions concretely, pictorially, and symbolically
B8 divide fractions concretely, pictorially, and symbolically
B9 estimate and mentally compute products and quotients involving fractions
B10 apply the order of operations to fraction computations, using both pencil and paper and the calculator
B11 model, solve, and create problems involving fractions in meaningful contexts
B12 add, subtract, multiply, and divide positive and negative decimal numbers with and without the calculator
B13 solve and create problems involving addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of positive and negative decimal numbers
B14 add and subtract algebraic terms concretely, pictorially, and symbolically to solve simple algebraic problems
B15 explore addition and subtraction of polynomial expressions, concretely and pictorially
B16 demonstrate an understanding of multiplication of a polynomial by a scalar, concretely, pictorially, and symbolically

GCO C: Students will explore, recognize, represent, and apply patterns and relationships, both formally and informally.
C1 represent patterns and relationships in a variety of formats and use these representations to predict unknown values
C2 interpret graphs that represent linear and non-linear data
C3 construct and analyse tables and graphs to describe how change in one quantity affects a related quantity 
C4 link visual characteristics of slope with its numerical value by comparing vertical change with horizontal change
C5 solve problems involving the intersection of two lines on a graph
C6 solve and verify simple linear equations algebraically
C7 create and solve problems, using linear equations

GCO D: Students will represent an understanding of and apply concepts and skills associated with measurement.
D1 solve indirect measurement problems, using proportions
D2 solve measurement problems, using appropriate SI units
D3 estimate areas of circles
D4 develop and use the formula for the area of a circle
D5 describe patterns and generalize the relationships between areas and perimeters of quadrilaterals, and areas and circumferences of circles
D6 calculate the areas of composite figures
D7 estimate and calculate volumes and surface areas of right prisms and cylinders
D8 measure and calculate volumes and surface areas of composite 3-D shapes
D9 demonstrate an understanding of the Pythagorean relationship, using models
D10 apply the Pythagorean relationship in problem situations

GCO E: Students will demonstrate spatial sense and apply geometric concepts, properties, and relationships.
E1 make and apply informal deductions about the minimum and sufficient conditions to guarantee the uniqueness of a triangle and the congruency of two triangles
E2 make and apply generalizations about the properties of rotations and dilatations, and use dilatations in perspective drawings of various 2-D shapes
E3 make and apply generalizations about the properties of similar 2-D shapes
E4 perform various 2-D constructions and apply the properties of transformations to these constructions
E5 make and apply generalizations about the properties of regular polygons
E6

recognize, name, describe, and make and apply generalizations about the properties of prisms,pyramids, cylinders, and cones
E7 draw isometric and orthographic views of 3-D shapes and construct 3-D models from these views

GCO F: Students will solve problems involving the collection, display, and analysis of data.
F1 demonstrate an understanding of the variability of repeated samples of the same population
F2 develop and apply the concept of randomness
F3 construct and interpret circle graphs
F4 construct and interpret scatter plots and determine a line of best fit by inspection
F5 construct and interpret box-and-whisker plots
F6 extrapolate and interpolate information from graphs
F7 determine the effect of variations in data on the mean, median, and mode
F8 develop and conduct statistics projects to solve problems
F9 evaluate data interpretations that are based on graphs and tables

GCO G: Students will represent and solve problems involving uncertainty.
 
G1 conduct experiments and simulations to find probabilities of single and complementary events
G2 determine theoretical probabilities of single and complementary events
G3 compare experimental and theoretical probabilities
G4 demonstrate an understanding of how data is used to establish broad probability patterns

 

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